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Datum wijziging	Betreft
09-03-2026	Partij
Toon meer van:Details Partij Verenigde Staten van Amerika gewijzigd Opzegging: 27-02-2026 Buiten werking: 27-02-2027
20-10-2022	Algemene gegevens, Koninkrijksdeel, Partij
Toon meer van:Details Algemene gegevens In werking: 21-03-1994 Koninkrijksdeel Nederland (in Europa) In werking: 21-03-1994 Partij Afghanistan Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 19-09-2002 (R) In werking: 18-12-2002 Albanië Ratificatie: 03-10-1994 (T) In werking: 01-01-1995 Algerije Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 09-06-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Andorra Ratificatie: 02-03-2011 (T) In werking: 31-05-2011 Angola Ondertekening: 14-06-1992 Ratificatie: 17-05-2000 (R) In werking: 15-08-2000 Antigua en Barbuda Ondertekening: 04-06-1992 Ratificatie: 02-02-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Armenië Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 14-05-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Australië Ondertekening: 04-06-1992 Ratificatie: 30-12-1992 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Azerbeidzjan Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 16-05-1995 (R) In werking: 14-08-1995 Bahama's Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 29-03-1994 (R) In werking: 27-06-1994 Bahrein Ondertekening: 08-06-1992 Ratificatie: 28-12-1994 (R) In werking: 28-03-1995 Bangladesh Ondertekening: 09-06-1992 Ratificatie: 15-04-1994 (R) In werking: 14-07-1994 Barbados Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 23-03-1994 (R) In werking: 21-06-1994 Belarus Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 11-05-2000 (R) In werking: 09-08-2000 België Ondertekening: 04-06-1992 Ratificatie: 16-01-1996 (R) In werking: 15-04-1996 Belize Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 31-10-1994 (R) In werking: 29-01-1995 Benin Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 30-06-1994 (R) In werking: 28-09-1994 Bhutan Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 25-08-1995 (R) In werking: 23-11-1995 Bolivia Ondertekening: 10-06-1992 Ratificatie: 03-10-1994 (R) In werking: 01-01-1995 Bosnië en Herzegovina Ratificatie: 07-09-2000 (T) In werking: 06-12-2000 Botswana Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 27-01-1994 (R) In werking: 27-04-1994 Brazilië Ondertekening: 04-06-1992 Ratificatie: 28-02-1994 (R) In werking: 29-05-1994 Brunei Ratificatie: 07-08-2007 (T) In werking: 05-11-2007 Burkina Faso Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 02-09-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Burundi Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 06-01-1997 (R) In werking: 06-04-1997 Cambodja Ratificatie: 18-12-1995 (T) In werking: 17-03-1996 Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 10-03-1995 (R) In werking: 08-06-1995 Chili Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 22-12-1994 (R) In werking: 22-03-1995 Colombia Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 22-03-1995 (R) In werking: 20-06-1995 Comoren Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 31-10-1994 (R) In werking: 29-01-1995 Congo, Democratische Republiek Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 09-01-1995 (R) In werking: 09-04-1995 Congo, Republiek Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 14-10-1996 (R) In werking: 12-01-1997 Cookeilanden Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 20-04-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Costa Rica Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 26-08-1994 (R) In werking: 24-11-1994 Cyprus Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 15-10-1997 (R) In werking: 13-01-1998 Denemarken Ondertekening: 09-06-1992 Ratificatie: 21-12-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Djibouti Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 27-08-1995 (R) In werking: 25-11-1995 Dominica Ratificatie: 21-06-1993 (T) In werking: 21-03-1994 Dominicaanse Republiek Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 07-10-1998 (R) In werking: 05-01-1999 Duitsland Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 09-12-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Ecuador Ondertekening: 09-06-1992 Ratificatie: 23-02-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Egypte Ondertekening: 09-06-1992 Ratificatie: 05-12-1994 (R) In werking: 05-03-1995 El Salvador Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 04-12-1995 (R) In werking: 03-03-1996 Equatoriaal-Guinea Ratificatie: 16-08-2000 (T) In werking: 14-11-2000 Eritrea Ratificatie: 24-04-1995 (T) In werking: 23-07-1995 Estland Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 27-07-1994 (R) In werking: 25-10-1994 Eswatini Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 07-10-1996 (R) In werking: 05-01-1997 Ethiopië Ondertekening: 10-06-1992 Ratificatie: 05-04-1994 (R) In werking: 04-07-1994 Filipijnen Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 02-08-1994 (R) In werking: 31-10-1994 Finland Ondertekening: 04-06-1992 Ratificatie: 03-05-1994 (R) In werking: 01-08-1994 Frankrijk Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 25-03-1994 (R) In werking: 23-06-1994 Gabon Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 21-01-1998 (R) In werking: 21-04-1998 Gambia Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 10-06-1994 (R) In werking: 08-09-1994 Georgië Ratificatie: 29-07-1994 (T) In werking: 27-10-1994 Ghana Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 06-09-1995 (R) In werking: 05-12-1995 Grenada Ondertekening: 03-12-1992 Ratificatie: 11-08-1994 (R) In werking: 09-11-1994 Griekenland Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 04-08-1994 (R) In werking: 02-11-1994 Guatemala Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 15-12-1995 (R) In werking: 14-03-1996 Guinee Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 07-05-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Guinee-Bissau Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 27-10-1995 (R) In werking: 25-01-1996 Guyana Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 29-08-1994 (R) In werking: 27-11-1994 Haïti Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 25-09-1996 (R) In werking: 24-12-1996 Honduras Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 19-10-1995 (R) In werking: 17-01-1996 Ierland Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 20-04-1994 (R) In werking: 19-07-1994 IJsland Ondertekening: 04-06-1992 Ratificatie: 16-06-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 India Ondertekening: 10-06-1992 Ratificatie: 01-11-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Indonesië Ondertekening: 05-06-1992 Ratificatie: 23-08-1994 (R) In werking: 21-11-1994 Irak Ratificatie: 28-07-2009 (T) In werking: 26-10-2009 Iran Ondertekening: 14-06-1992 Ratificatie: 18-07-1996 (R) In werking: 16-10-1996 Italië Ondertekening: 05-06-1992 Ratificatie: 15-04-1994 (R) In werking: 14-07-1994 Ivoorkust Ondertekening: 10-06-1992 Ratificatie: 29-11-1994 (R) In werking: 27-02-1995 Jamaica Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 06-01-1995 (R) In werking: 06-04-1995 Japan Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 28-05-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Jemen Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 21-02-1996 (R) In werking: 21-05-1996 Jordanië Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 12-11-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Kaapverdië Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 29-03-1995 (R) In werking: 27-06-1995 Kameroen Ondertekening: 14-06-1992 Ratificatie: 19-10-1994 (R) In werking: 17-01-1995 Kenia Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 30-08-1994 (R) In werking: 28-11-1994 Kirgistan Ratificatie: 25-05-2000 (T) In werking: 23-08-2000 Koeweit Ratificatie: 28-12-1994 (T) In werking: 28-03-1995 Laos Ratificatie: 04-01-1995 (T) In werking: 04-04-1995 Lesotho Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 07-02-1995 (R) In werking: 08-05-1995 Letland Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 23-03-1995 (R) In werking: 21-06-1995 Libanon Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 15-12-1994 (R) In werking: 15-03-1995 Liberia Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 05-11-2002 (R) In werking: 03-02-2003 Libië Ondertekening: 29-06-1992 Ratificatie: 14-06-1999 (R) In werking: 12-09-1999 Liechtenstein Ondertekening: 04-06-1992 Ratificatie: 22-06-1994 (R) In werking: 20-09-1994 Litouwen Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 24-03-1995 (R) In werking: 22-06-1995 Luxemburg Ondertekening: 09-06-1992 Ratificatie: 09-05-1994 (R) In werking: 07-08-1994 Madagaskar Ondertekening: 10-06-1992 Ratificatie: 02-06-1999 (R) In werking: 31-08-1999 Malawi Ondertekening: 10-06-1992 Ratificatie: 21-04-1994 (R) In werking: 20-07-1994 Malediven Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 09-11-1992 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Maleisië Ondertekening: 09-06-1993 Ratificatie: 13-07-1994 (R) In werking: 11-10-1994 Mali Ondertekening: 30-09-1992 Ratificatie: 28-12-1994 (R) In werking: 28-03-1995 Malta Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 17-03-1994 (R) In werking: 15-06-1994 Marokko Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 28-12-1995 (R) In werking: 27-03-1996 Marshalleilanden Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 08-10-1992 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Mauritanië Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 20-01-1994 (R) In werking: 20-04-1994 Mauritius Ondertekening: 10-06-1992 Ratificatie: 04-09-1992 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Mexico Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 11-03-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Micronesia Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 18-11-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Moldavië Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 09-06-1995 (R) In werking: 07-09-1995 Mongolië Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 30-09-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Montenegro Ratificatie: 23-10-2006 (VG) In werking: 03-06-2006 Mozambique Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 25-08-1995 (R) In werking: 23-11-1995 Myanmar Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 25-11-1994 (R) In werking: 23-02-1995 Namibië Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 16-05-1995 (R) In werking: 14-08-1995 Nepal Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 02-05-1994 (R) In werking: 31-07-1994 Nicaragua Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 31-10-1995 (R) In werking: 29-01-1996 Nieuw-Zeeland Ondertekening: 04-06-1992 Ratificatie: 16-09-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Tokelau-eilanden In werking: 13-11-2017 Niger Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 25-07-1995 (R) In werking: 23-10-1995 Nigeria Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 29-08-1994 (R) In werking: 27-11-1994 Niue Ratificatie: 28-02-1996 (T) In werking: 28-05-1996 Noord-Korea Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 05-12-1994 (R) In werking: 05-03-1995 Noord-Macedonië Ratificatie: 28-01-1998 (T) In werking: 28-04-1998 Noorwegen Ondertekening: 04-06-1992 Ratificatie: 09-07-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Oekraïne Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 13-05-1997 (R) In werking: 11-08-1997 Oezbekistan Ratificatie: 20-06-1993 (T) In werking: 21-03-1994 Oman Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 08-02-1995 (R) In werking: 09-05-1995 Oostenrijk Ondertekening: 08-06-1992 Ratificatie: 28-02-1994 (R) In werking: 29-05-1994 Oost-Timor Ratificatie: 10-10-2006 (T) In werking: 08-01-2007 Pakistan Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 01-06-1994 (R) In werking: 30-08-1994 Palau Ratificatie: 10-12-1999 (T) In werking: 09-03-2000 Panama Ondertekening: 18-03-1993 Ratificatie: 23-05-1995 (R) In werking: 21-08-1995 Paraguay Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 24-02-1994 (R) In werking: 25-05-1994 Peru Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 07-06-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Polen Ondertekening: 05-06-1992 Ratificatie: 28-07-1994 (R) In werking: 26-10-1994 Portugal Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 21-12-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Macau (<20-12-1999) In werking: 28-06-1999 Buiten werking: 20-12-1999 Qatar Ratificatie: 18-04-1996 (T) In werking: 17-07-1996 Roemenië Ondertekening: 05-06-1992 Ratificatie: 08-06-1994 (R) In werking: 06-09-1994 Russische Federatie Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 28-12-1994 (R) In werking: 28-03-1995 Rwanda Ondertekening: 10-06-1992 Ratificatie: 18-08-1998 (R) In werking: 16-11-1998 Saint Kitts en Nevis Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 07-01-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Saint Lucia Ondertekening: 14-06-1993 Ratificatie: 14-06-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Saint Vincent en de Grenadines Ratificatie: 02-12-1996 (T) In werking: 02-03-1997 Samoa Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 29-11-1994 (R) In werking: 27-02-1995 San Marino Ondertekening: 10-06-1992 Ratificatie: 28-10-1994 (R) In werking: 26-01-1995 Sao Tomé en Principe Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 29-09-1999 (R) In werking: 28-12-1999 Saudi-Arabië Ratificatie: 28-12-1994 (T) In werking: 28-03-1995 Senegal Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 17-10-1994 (R) In werking: 15-01-1995 Servië Ratificatie: 12-03-2001 (T) In werking: 10-06-2001 Seychellen Ondertekening: 10-06-1992 Ratificatie: 22-09-1992 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Sierra Leone Ondertekening: 11-02-1993 Ratificatie: 22-06-1995 (R) In werking: 20-09-1995 Singapore Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 29-05-1997 (R) In werking: 27-08-1997 Somalië Ratificatie: 11-09-2009 (T) In werking: 10-12-2009 Spanje Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 21-12-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Sri Lanka Ondertekening: 10-06-1992 Ratificatie: 23-11-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Sudan Ondertekening: 09-06-1992 Ratificatie: 19-11-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Suriname Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 14-10-1997 (R) In werking: 12-01-1998 Syrië Ratificatie: 04-01-1996 (T) In werking: 03-04-1996 Tadzjikistan Ratificatie: 07-01-1998 (T) In werking: 07-04-1998 Tanzania Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 17-04-1996 (R) In werking: 16-07-1996 Thailand Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 28-12-1994 (R) In werking: 28-03-1995 Togo Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 08-03-1995 (R) In werking: 06-06-1995 Tonga Ratificatie: 20-07-1998 (T) In werking: 18-10-1998 Trinidad en Tobago Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 24-06-1994 (R) In werking: 22-09-1994 Tsjaad Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 07-06-1994 (R) In werking: 05-09-1994 Tunesië Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 15-07-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Turkije Ratificatie: 24-02-2004 (T) In werking: 24-05-2004 Turkmenistan Ratificatie: 05-06-1995 (T) In werking: 03-09-1995 Uganda Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 08-09-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Uruguay Ondertekening: 04-06-1992 Ratificatie: 18-08-1994 (R) In werking: 16-11-1994 Vanuatu Ondertekening: 09-06-1992 Ratificatie: 25-03-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Venezuela Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 28-12-1994 (R) In werking: 28-03-1995 Verenigd Koninkrijk Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 08-12-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Bermuda In werking: 07-03-2007Caymaneilanden In werking: 07-03-2007Falklandeilanden In werking: 07-03-2007Gibraltar In werking: 02-01-2007Guernsey In werking: 04-04-2006Jersey In werking: 21-03-1994Man In werking: 21-03-1994 Verenigde Arabische Emiraten Ratificatie: 29-12-1995 (T) In werking: 28-03-1996 Vietnam Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 16-11-1994 (R) In werking: 14-02-1995 Zambia Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 28-05-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Zimbabwe Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 03-11-1992 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Zuid-Afrika Ondertekening: 15-06-1993 Ratificatie: 29-08-1997 (R) In werking: 27-11-1997 Zuid-Korea Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 14-12-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Zuid-Sudan Ratificatie: 17-02-2014 (T) In werking: 18-05-2014 Zweden Ondertekening: 08-06-1992 Ratificatie: 23-06-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Zwitserland Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 10-12-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Argentinië Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 11-03-1994 (R) In werking: 09-06-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 27-03-2007 The Argentine Republic objects to the extension of the territorial application to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change of 9 May 1992 with respect to the Malvinas Islands, which was notified by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the Depositary of the Convention on 7 March 2007. The Argentine Republic reaffirms its sovereignty over the Malvinas Islands, the South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands and the surrounding maritime spaces, which are an integral part of its national territory, and recalls that the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted resolutions 2065 (XX), 3160 (XXVIII), 31/49, 37/9, 38/12, 39/6, 40/21, 41/40, 42/19 and 43/25, which recognize the existence of a dispute over sovereignty and request the Governments of the Argentine Republic and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to initiate negotiations with a view to finding the means to resolve peacefully and definitively the pending problems between both countries, including all aspects on the future of the Malvinas Islands, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations. Bulgarije Ondertekening: 05-06-1992 Ratificatie: 12-05-1995 (R) In werking: 10-08-1995 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 12-05-1995 The Republic of Bulgaria declares that in accordance with article 4, paragraph 6, and with respect to paragraph 2 (b) of the said article, it accepts as a basis of the anthropogenic emissions in Bulgaria of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, the 1988 levels of the said emissions in the country and not their 1990 levels, keeping records of and comparing the emission rates during the subsequent years. Canada Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 04-12-1992 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 19-01-2016 The Permanent Mission of Canada to the United Nations presents its compliments to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and has the honour to refer to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Secretary-General’s communication of 23 December 2015 C.N.699.2015.TREATIES-[XXVII.7], relating to that treaty. The Permanent Mission of Canada to the United Nations notes that this communication was made pursuant to the Secretary-General’s capacity as Depositary for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The Permanent Mission of Canada to the United Nations notes the technical and administrative role of the Depositary, and that it is for States Parties to a treaty, not the Depositary, to make their own determination with respect to any legal issues raised by instruments circulated by a depositary. In that context, the Permanent Mission of Canada to the United Nations [reaffirms] that ‘Palestine’ does not meet the criteria of a state under international law and is not recognized by Canada as a state. Therefore, in order to avoid confusion, the Permanent Mission of Canada to the United Nations wishes to note its position that in the context of the purported Palestinian accession to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, ‘Palestine’ is not able to accede to this convention, and that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change does not enter into force, or have an effect on Canada’s treaty relations, with respect to the ‘State of Palestine’. China Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 05-01-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee Hongkong SAR In werking: 08-04-2003Macau SAR In werking: 20-12-1999 voorbehoud 08-04-2003 In accordance with the provisions of Article 153 of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China of 1990, the Government of the People’s Republic of China decides that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change shall apply to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change continues to be implemented in the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China. The Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change shall not apply to the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China until the Government of China notifies otherwise. Cuba Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 05-01-1994 (R) In werking: 05-04-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 05-01-1994 With reference to article 14 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Government of the Republic of Cuba declares that, insofar as concerns the Republic of Cuba, any dispute that may arise between the Parties concerning the interpretation or application of the Convention shall be settled through negotiation through the diplomatic channel. EU (Europese Unie) Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 21-12-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 13-06-1992 The European Economic Community and its Member States declare, for the purposes of clarity, that the inclusion of the European Community as well as its Member States in the lists in the Annexes to the Convention is without prejudice to the division of competence and responsibilities between the Community and its Member States, which is to be declared in accordance with article 21 (3) of the Convention. voorbehoud 21-12-1993 The European Economic Community and its Member States declare that the commitment to limit anthropogenic CO 2 emissions set out in article 4(2) of the Convention will be fulfilled in the Community as a whole through action by the Community and its Member States, within the respective com- petence of each. In this perspective, the Community and its Member States reaffirm the objectives set out in the Council conclusions of 29 October 1990, and in particular the objective of stabilization of CO 2 emission by 2000 and 1990 level in the Community as a whole. The European Economic Community and its Member States are elaborating a coherent strategy in order to attain this objective. Fiji Ondertekening: 09-10-1992 Ratificatie: 25-02-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 09-10-1992 The Government of Fiji declares its understanding that signature of the Convention shall, in no way, constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning state responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change, and that no provisions in the Convention can be interpreted as derogating from the principles of general international law. Heilige Stoel Ratificatie: 06-07-2022 (T) In werking: 04-10-2022 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 06-07-2022 By acceding to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in the name and on behalf of Vatican City State, the Holy See intends to contribute to the efforts of all States to work together in solidarity, in accordance with their common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in an effective response to the challenges posed by climate change to humankind and to our common home. In light of the territorial nature of the obligations set forth in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Holy See declares, for the avoidance of doubt, that in acceding to the Convention only in the name and on behalf of Vatican City State it commits itself to apply its provisions exclusively within the Territory of the Vatican City State, as circumscribed by the Leonine Walls. The Holy See, in conformity with its particular mission, reiterates, on behalf of Vatican City State, its position regarding the term ‘gender’. The Holy See underlines that any reference to ‘gender’ and related terms in any document that has been or that will be adopted by the Conference of State Parties or by its subsidiary bodies is to be understood as grounded on the biological sexual identity that is male and female. The Holy See upholds and promotes a holistic and integrated approach that is firmly centered on the human dignity and integral development of every person. Hongarije Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 24-02-1994 (R) In werking: 25-05-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 24-02-1994 The Government of the Republic of Hungary attributes great significance to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and it reiterates its position in accordance with the provisions of article 4.6 of the Convention on certain degree of flexibility that the average level of anthropogenic carbondioxide emissions for the period of 1985-1987 will be considered as reference level in context of the commitments under article 4.2 of the Convention. This understanding is closely related to the 'process of transition' as it is given in article 4.6 of the Convention. The Government of the Republic of Hungary declares that it will do all efforts to contribute to the objective of the Convention. Israël Ondertekening: 04-06-1992 Ratificatie: 04-06-1996 (R) In werking: 02-09-1996 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 19-01-2016 The Permanent Mission of Israel to the United Nations presents its compliments to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, in his capacity as depositary to the United Nations Convention Framework on Climate Change, and refers to the communication by the depositary, dated 23 December 2015, regarding the Palestinian request to accede to this Convention (Reference number C.N.699.2015.TREATIES-XXVII.7 (Depositary Notification)). ‘Palestine’ does not satisfy the criteria for statehood under international law and lacks the legal capacity to join the aforesaid Convention under general international law, as well as under the terms of the Convention and of bilateral Israeli-Palestinian agreements. The Government of Israel does not recognize ‘Palestine’ as a State, and wishes to place on record, for the sake of clarity, its position that it does not consider ‘Palestine’ a party to the Convention and regards the Palestinian request for accession as being without any legal validity or effect. Kazachstan Ondertekening: 08-06-1992 Ratificatie: 17-05-1995 (R) In werking: 15-08-1995 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 23-03-2000 In accordance with sub-paragraph g of article 4.2 of the Convention, the Government of Kazakhstan declares that it intends to be bound by the provisions of sub-paragraphs a and b of said article. Kiribati Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 07-02-1995 (R) In werking: 08-05-1995 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 13-06-1992 The Government of the Republic of Kiribati declares its understanding that signature and /or ratification of the Convention shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning state responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change, and that no provisions in the Convention can be interpreted as derogating from the principles of general international law. Kroatië Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 08-04-1996 (R) In werking: 07-07-1996 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 08-04-1996 The Republic of Croatia declares that it intends to be bound by the provisions of the Annex 1, as a country undergoing the process of transition to a market economy. Monaco Ondertekening: 11-06-1992 Ratificatie: 20-11-1992 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 20-11-1992 In accordance with sub-paragraph g of article 4.2 of the Convention, the Principality of Monaco declares that it intends to be bound by the provisions of sub-paragraphs a and b of said article. Nauru Ondertekening: 08-06-1992 Ratificatie: 11-11-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 08-06-1992 The Government of Nauru declares its understanding that signature of the Convention shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning state responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change, and that no provisions in the Convention can be interpreted as derogating from the principles of general international law. Nederlanden, het Koninkrijk der Ondertekening: 04-06-1992 Ratificatie: 20-12-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 17-02-2010 The Kingdom of the Netherlands declares, in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 14 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, that it accepts both means of dispute settlement referred to in that paragraph as compulsory in relation to any Party accepting one or both means of dispute settlement. Palestina Ratificatie: 18-12-2015 (T) In werking: 17-03-2016 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 22-01-2016 The Permanent Observer of the State of Palestine to the United Nations presents his compliments to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, in his capacity as Depositary, and has the honor to refer to depositary notification C.N.9.2016.TREATIES-XXVII.7, dated 20 January 2016, conveying a communication of Israel regarding the accession of the State of Palestine to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, dated 9 May 1992. The Government of the State of Palestine regrets the position of Israel and wishes to recall United Nations General Assembly resolution 67/19 of 29 November 2012 according Palestine ‘nonmember observer State status in the United Nations’. In this regard, Palestine is a State recognized by the United Nations General Assembly on behalf of the international community. As a State Party to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which enters into force on 17 March 2016, the State of Palestine will exercise its rights and honor its obligations with respect to all States Parties. The State of Palestine trusts that its rights and obligations will be equally respected by its fellow States Parties. voorbehoud 22-01-2016 The Permanent Observer of the State of Palestine to the United Nations presents his compliments to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, in his capacity as Depositary, and has the honor to refer to depositary notification C.N.11.2016.TREATIES-XXVII.7, dated 20 January 2016, conveying a communication of Canada regarding the accession of the State of Palestine to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, dated 9 May 1992. The Government of the State of Palestine regrets the position of Canada and wishes to recall United Nations General Assembly resolution 67/19 of 29 November 2012 according Palestine ‘nonmember observer State status in the United Nations’. In this regard, Palestine is a State recognized by the United Nations General Assembly on behalf of the international community. As a State Party to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which enters into force on 17 March 2016, the State of Palestine will exercise its rights and honor its obligations with respect to all States Parties. The State of Palestine trusts that its rights and obligations will be equally respected by its fellow States Parties. voorbehoud 22-01-2016 The Permanent Observer of the State of Palestine to the United Nations presents his compliments to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, in his capacity as Depositary, and has the honor to refer to depositary notification C.N.10.2016.TREATIES-XXVII.7, dated 20 January 2016, conveying a communication of the United States of America regarding the accession of the State of Palestine to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, dated 9 May 1992. The Government of the State of Palestine regrets the position of the United States of America and wishes to recall United Nations General Assembly resolution 67/19 of 29 November 2012 according Palestine ‘non-member observer State status in the United Nations’. In this regard, Palestine is a State recognized by the United Nations General Assembly on behalf of the international community. As a State Party to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which enters into force on 17 March 2016, the State of Palestine will exercise its rights and honor its obligations with respect to all States Parties. The State of Palestine trusts that its rights and obligations will be equally respected by its fellow States Parties. Papoea-Nieuw-Guinea Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 16-03-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 16-03-1993 The Government of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea declares its understanding that ratification of the Convention shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under International Law concerning State responsibility for the adverse effects of Climate Change as derogating from the principles of general International Law. Salomonseilanden Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 28-12-1994 (R) In werking: 28-03-1995 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 28-12-1994 In pursuance of article 14 (2) of the said Convention [the Government of the Solomon Islands] shall recognise as compulsory, arbitration, in accordance with procedures to be adopted by the Conference of the Parties as soon as practicable, in an annex on arbitration. Slovenië Ondertekening: 13-06-1992 Ratificatie: 01-12-1995 (R) In werking: 29-02-1996 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 09-06-1998 In accordance with sub-paragraph g of article 4.2 of the Convention, the Government of Slovenia declares that it intends to be bound by the provisions of sub-paragraphs a and b of said article. Slowakije Ondertekening: 19-05-1993 Ratificatie: 25-08-1994 (R) In werking: 23-11-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 23-02-1996 In accordance with sub-paragraph g of article 4.2 of the Convention, the Government of Slovakia declares that it intends to be bound by the provisions of sub-paragraphs a and b of said article. Tsjechië Ondertekening: 18-06-1993 Ratificatie: 07-10-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 27-11-1995 In accordance with sub-paragraph g of article 4.2 of the Convention, the Government of the Czech Republic declares that it intends to be bound by the provisions of sub-paragraphs a and b of said article. Tuvalu Ondertekening: 08-06-1992 Ratificatie: 26-10-1993 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 08-06-1992 The Government of Tuvalu declares its understanding that signature of the Convention shall in no way constitute a renunciation of any rights under international law concerning state responsibility for the adverse effects of climate change, and that no provisions in the Convention can be interpreted as derogating from the principles of general international law. Verenigde Staten van Amerika Ondertekening: 12-06-1992 Ratificatie: 15-10-1992 (R) In werking: 21-03-1994 Voorbehoud / verklaring: Ja Bezwaren: Nee voorbehoud 19-01-2016 The United States Mission to the United Nations presents its compliments to the United Nations and refers to the U.N. Secretary-General's depositary notification C.N.699.2015.TREATIESXXVII.7, dated December 23, 2015, regarding the purported accession of the ‘State of Palestine’ to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, done at New York, May 9, 1992 (the Convention), for which the Secretary-General of the United Nations is the depositary. The Government of the United States of America does not believe the ‘State of Palestine’ qualifies as a sovereign State and does not recognize it as such. Accession to the Convention is limited to sovereign States and regional economic integration organizations. Therefore, the Government of the United States of America believes that the ‘State of Palestine’ is not qualified to accede to the Convention and affirms that it will not consider itself to be in a treaty relationship with the ‘State of Palestine’ under the Convention.

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